Palash Flowers Price Today in Odisha | Live Mandi Rate, APMC Bhav, Market-wise Comparison & 30-Day Trend | KisanDeals

Palash Flowers Odisha
KisanDeals Premium

AI-powered price predictions, compare up to 8 markets side-by-side, and set price alerts — never miss the best rate again.

Compare 8 Markets AI Price Predictions Price Alerts Download Data
Get Premium
Today''s Palash Flowers Ratein Odisha
₹4,120 / quintal ₹41.2/kg
Odisha
Per KG
₹41.2
avg today
10 KG
₹412
approx
1 Quintal
₹4,120
100 KG
1 Ton
₹41,200
1000 KG
Best Price Today
₹5,600/qtl
Dungurapalli Apmc
Odisha, Sonepur
Lowest Price Today
₹3,000/qtl
Gunpur Apmc
Odisha, Rayagada
Cauliflower Local
No change
Gunpur Apmc Rayagada Odisha
₹3,000 / quintal
₹30/kg
Min ₹2,500 Max ₹3,250
08/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower Local
No change
Panposh Apmc Sundergarh Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,300
08/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower Other
No change
Dungurapalli Apmc Sonepur Odisha
₹5,600 / quintal
₹56/kg
Min ₹5,000 Max ₹5,800
08/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower Other
No change
Boudh Apmc Boudh Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,500
08/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower Cauliflower
No change
Khunthabandha Apmc Boudh Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,500
08/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower Other
No change
Udala Apmc Mayurbhanja Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,500
07/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower Other
No change
Bhawanipatna Apmc Kalahandi Odisha
₹2,500 / quintal
₹25/kg
Min ₹2,300 Max ₹2,700
07/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower Other
No change
Boudh Apmc Boudh Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,500
07/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower Cauliflower
No change
Kamakhyanagar Apmc Dhenkanal Odisha
₹5,000 / quintal
₹50/kg
Min ₹5,000 Max ₹5,000
07/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower Cauliflower
No change
Gunpur Apmc Rayagada Odisha
₹3,000 / quintal
₹30/kg
Min ₹2,500 Max ₹3,250
07/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Dungurapalli Apmc Sonepur Odisha
₹5,800 / quintal
₹58/kg
Min ₹5,500 Max ₹6,000
06/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER
No change
Deogarh Apmc Deogarh Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,800 Max ₹4,500
06/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Champua Apmc Keonjhar Odisha
₹8,000 / quintal
₹80/kg
Min ₹8,000 Max ₹8,000
06/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER
No change
Parlakhemundi Apmc Gajapati Odisha
₹2,400 / quintal
₹24/kg
Min ₹2,300 Max ₹2,500
06/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Champua(jhumpura) Apmc Keonjhar Odisha
₹7,500 / quintal
₹75/kg
Min ₹7,500 Max ₹7,500
06/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER
No change
Koraput Apmc Koraput Odisha
₹4,500 / quintal
₹45/kg
Min ₹4,000 Max ₹5,000
06/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Panposh Apmc Sundergarh Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,200
06/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Boudh Apmc Boudh Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,500
06/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER
No change
Rayagada Apmc Rayagada Odisha
₹3,000 / quintal
₹30/kg
Min ₹2,900 Max ₹3,000
06/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Koraput(semilguda) Apmc Koraput Odisha
₹4,500 / quintal
₹45/kg
Min ₹4,000 Max ₹5,000
06/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Pandkital Apmc Sonepur Odisha
₹5,500 / quintal
₹55/kg
Min ₹5,000 Max ₹5,800
04/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER
No change
Rayagada Apmc Rayagada Odisha
₹3,000 / quintal
₹30/kg
Min ₹2,900 Max ₹3,000
04/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Dungurapalli Apmc Sonepur Odisha
₹5,800 / quintal
₹58/kg
Min ₹5,500 Max ₹6,000
04/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER
No change
Kamakhyanagar Apmc Dhenkanal Odisha
₹5,000 / quintal
₹50/kg
Min ₹5,000 Max ₹5,000
04/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Udala Apmc Mayurbhanja Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,500
04/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Keonjhar Apmc Keonjhar Odisha
₹5,000 / quintal
₹50/kg
Min ₹4,800 Max ₹5,000
04/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Panposh Apmc Sundergarh Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,200
04/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER
No change
Kuchinda Apmc Sambalpur Odisha
₹4,500 / quintal
₹45/kg
Min ₹4,200 Max ₹5,000
04/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
₹500 12%
Boudh Apmc Boudh Odisha
₹4,500 / quintal
₹45/kg
Min ₹4,000 Max ₹5,000
04/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER
No change
Gunpur Apmc Rayagada Odisha
₹3,000 / quintal
₹30/kg
Min ₹2,500 Max ₹3,250
04/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER
No change
Kuchinda Apmc Sambalpur Odisha
₹4,500 / quintal
₹45/kg
Min ₹4,200 Max ₹5,000
04/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
₹500 12%
Boudh Apmc Boudh Odisha
₹4,500 / quintal
₹45/kg
Min ₹4,000 Max ₹5,000
04/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Udala Apmc Mayurbhanja Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,500
03/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Champua Apmc Keonjhar Odisha
₹8,000 / quintal
₹80/kg
Min ₹8,000 Max ₹8,000
03/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Udala Apmc Mayurbhanja Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,500
03/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Kesinga Apmc Kalahandi Odisha
₹2,800 / quintal
₹28/kg
Min ₹2,600 Max ₹3,000
03/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Panposh Apmc Sundergarh Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,400
03/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Tusura Apmc Bolangir Odisha
₹2,800 / quintal
₹28/kg
Min ₹2,600 Max ₹3,000
03/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Boudh Apmc Boudh Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,500
03/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Keonjhar Apmc Keonjhar Odisha
₹5,000 / quintal
₹50/kg
Min ₹4,800 Max ₹5,500
03/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Kesinga Apmc Kalahandi Odisha
₹2,800 / quintal
₹28/kg
Min ₹2,600 Max ₹3,000
02/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Boudh Apmc Boudh Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,500
02/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Champua Apmc Keonjhar Odisha
₹8,000 / quintal
₹80/kg
Min ₹8,000 Max ₹8,000
02/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER
No change
Kamakhyanagar Apmc Dhenkanal Odisha
₹5,000 / quintal
₹50/kg
Min ₹5,000 Max ₹5,000
02/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER
No change
Khunthabandha Apmc Boudh Odisha
₹4,000 / quintal
₹40/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,500
02/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Tusura Apmc Bolangir Odisha
₹2,800 / quintal
₹28/kg
Min ₹2,600 Max ₹3,000
02/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER
No change
Bargarh Apmc Bargarh Odisha
₹3,500 / quintal
₹35/kg
Min ₹3,000 Max ₹4,000
02/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
No change
Bolangir Apmc Bolangir Odisha
₹2,800 / quintal
₹28/kg
Min ₹2,600 Max ₹3,000
02/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER
No change
Rayagada Apmc Rayagada Odisha
₹3,000 / quintal
₹30/kg
Min ₹2,900 Max ₹3,000
02/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Cauliflower OTHER
₹2,600 66%
Dungurapalli Apmc Sonepur Odisha
₹6,500 / quintal
₹65/kg
Min ₹6,000 Max ₹6,800
02/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Today''s APMC mandi prices — commodity, market, state, and min/modal/max prices per quintal
Commodity Variety Market (APMC) District State Min Price ₹ Modal Price ₹ Max Price ₹ Change Date Trend chart
Cauliflower Local Gunpur Apmc Rayagada Odisha ₹2,500 ₹3,000 ₹3,250 08/07/2026
Cauliflower Local Panposh Apmc Sundergarh Odisha ₹3,500 ₹4,000 ₹4,300 08/07/2026
Cauliflower Other Dungurapalli Apmc Sonepur Odisha ₹5,000 ₹5,600 ₹5,800 08/07/2026
Cauliflower Other Boudh Apmc Boudh Odisha ₹3,500 ₹4,000 ₹4,500 08/07/2026
Cauliflower Cauliflower Khunthabandha Apmc Boudh Odisha ₹3,500 ₹4,000 ₹4,500 08/07/2026
Cauliflower Other Udala Apmc Mayurbhanja Odisha ₹3,500 ₹4,000 ₹4,500 07/07/2026
Cauliflower Other Bhawanipatna Apmc Kalahandi Odisha ₹2,300 ₹2,500 ₹2,700 07/07/2026
Cauliflower Other Boudh Apmc Boudh Odisha ₹3,500 ₹4,000 ₹4,500 07/07/2026
Cauliflower Cauliflower Kamakhyanagar Apmc Dhenkanal Odisha ₹5,000 ₹5,000 ₹5,000 07/07/2026
Cauliflower Cauliflower Gunpur Apmc Rayagada Odisha ₹2,500 ₹3,000 ₹3,250 07/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Dungurapalli Apmc Sonepur Odisha ₹5,500 ₹5,800 ₹6,000 06/07/2026
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER Deogarh Apmc Deogarh Odisha ₹3,800 ₹4,000 ₹4,500 06/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Champua Apmc Keonjhar Odisha ₹8,000 ₹8,000 ₹8,000 06/07/2026
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER Parlakhemundi Apmc Gajapati Odisha ₹2,300 ₹2,400 ₹2,500 06/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Champua(jhumpura) Apmc Keonjhar Odisha ₹7,500 ₹7,500 ₹7,500 06/07/2026
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER Koraput Apmc Koraput Odisha ₹4,000 ₹4,500 ₹5,000 06/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Panposh Apmc Sundergarh Odisha ₹3,500 ₹4,000 ₹4,200 06/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Boudh Apmc Boudh Odisha ₹3,500 ₹4,000 ₹4,500 06/07/2026
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER Rayagada Apmc Rayagada Odisha ₹2,900 ₹3,000 ₹3,000 06/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Koraput(semilguda) Apmc Koraput Odisha ₹4,000 ₹4,500 ₹5,000 06/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Pandkital Apmc Sonepur Odisha ₹5,000 ₹5,500 ₹5,800 04/07/2026
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER Rayagada Apmc Rayagada Odisha ₹2,900 ₹3,000 ₹3,000 04/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Dungurapalli Apmc Sonepur Odisha ₹5,500 ₹5,800 ₹6,000 04/07/2026
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER Kamakhyanagar Apmc Dhenkanal Odisha ₹5,000 ₹5,000 ₹5,000 04/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Udala Apmc Mayurbhanja Odisha ₹3,500 ₹4,000 ₹4,500 04/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Keonjhar Apmc Keonjhar Odisha ₹4,800 ₹5,000 ₹5,000 04/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Panposh Apmc Sundergarh Odisha ₹3,500 ₹4,000 ₹4,200 04/07/2026
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER Kuchinda Apmc Sambalpur Odisha ₹4,200 ₹4,500 ₹5,000 04/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Boudh Apmc Boudh Odisha ₹4,000 ₹4,500 ₹5,000 ₹500 04/07/2026
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER Gunpur Apmc Rayagada Odisha ₹2,500 ₹3,000 ₹3,250 04/07/2026
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER Kuchinda Apmc Sambalpur Odisha ₹4,200 ₹4,500 ₹5,000 04/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Boudh Apmc Boudh Odisha ₹4,000 ₹4,500 ₹5,000 ₹500 04/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Udala Apmc Mayurbhanja Odisha ₹3,500 ₹4,000 ₹4,500 03/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Champua Apmc Keonjhar Odisha ₹8,000 ₹8,000 ₹8,000 03/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Udala Apmc Mayurbhanja Odisha ₹3,500 ₹4,000 ₹4,500 03/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Kesinga Apmc Kalahandi Odisha ₹2,600 ₹2,800 ₹3,000 03/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Panposh Apmc Sundergarh Odisha ₹3,500 ₹4,000 ₹4,400 03/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Tusura Apmc Bolangir Odisha ₹2,600 ₹2,800 ₹3,000 03/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Boudh Apmc Boudh Odisha ₹3,500 ₹4,000 ₹4,500 03/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Keonjhar Apmc Keonjhar Odisha ₹4,800 ₹5,000 ₹5,500 03/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Kesinga Apmc Kalahandi Odisha ₹2,600 ₹2,800 ₹3,000 02/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Boudh Apmc Boudh Odisha ₹3,500 ₹4,000 ₹4,500 02/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Champua Apmc Keonjhar Odisha ₹8,000 ₹8,000 ₹8,000 02/07/2026
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER Kamakhyanagar Apmc Dhenkanal Odisha ₹5,000 ₹5,000 ₹5,000 02/07/2026
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER Khunthabandha Apmc Boudh Odisha ₹3,500 ₹4,000 ₹4,500 02/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Tusura Apmc Bolangir Odisha ₹2,600 ₹2,800 ₹3,000 02/07/2026
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER Bargarh Apmc Bargarh Odisha ₹3,000 ₹3,500 ₹4,000 02/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Bolangir Apmc Bolangir Odisha ₹2,600 ₹2,800 ₹3,000 02/07/2026
Cauliflower CAULIFLOWER Rayagada Apmc Rayagada Odisha ₹2,900 ₹3,000 ₹3,000 02/07/2026
Cauliflower OTHER Dungurapalli Apmc Sonepur Odisha ₹6,000 ₹6,500 ₹6,800 ₹2,600 02/07/2026
Showing latest 50 records. Use the search above to filter by commodity, state or market.

Frequently Asked Questions

Today's average modal price of Palash Flowers in Odisha is ₹4120 per quintal (100 KG), approximately ₹41.2 per KG. Prices vary by market and arrival volume.

1 KG of Palash Flowers in Odisha costs approximately ₹41.2 based on today's average mandi rate of ₹4120/quintal. Retail prices may be slightly higher.

10 KG of Palash Flowers in Odisha costs approximately ₹412 at today's average mandi rate. Prices differ across APMCs; check the table above for market-specific rates.

1 quintal (100 KG) of Palash Flowers in Odisha is priced at ₹4120 on average today. This is the modal (most-traded) price reported by APMC markets.

1 ton (1000 KG) of Palash Flowers in Odisha costs approximately ₹41200 at today's average mandi rate. Large traders and exporters typically transact in tons.

Today's highest price is ₹5,600/quintal at Dungurapalli Apmc in Odisha. The lowest is ₹3,000/quintal at Gunpur Apmc, Odisha. The price spread is ₹2,600/quintal.

Palash Flowers mandi prices on KisanDeals are updated daily from APMC markets across India. Data reflects actual arrivals and trades reported by each market for that date.

Today's average Palash Flowers price in Odisha is ₹4120/quintal. To see whether prices are rising or falling, use the Trend button on any market row to view the 30-day price history chart, or use our Price Prediction tool which uses a 14-day weighted moving average to forecast tomorrow's rate.

You can check today's Palash Flowers mandi bhav (rate) for any state on KisanDeals. Click a state in the Check Palash Flowers Price by State section below, or use the State filter in the search bar above to see APMC-wise prices for that state. States with the most APMC data include Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Punjab, and Haryana.

The Palash Flowers mandi rate shown here is the actual market price at which farmers sold their produce today at APMC markets. MSP (Minimum Support Price) is the government-guaranteed floor price — the actual mandi rate may be higher or lower than MSP depending on season, supply, and demand. KisanDeals shows live APMC market rates, not MSP.

Today's Palash Flowers wholesale price in Odisha is ₹4120 per quintal at APMC mandis. This is the modal (bulk traded) wholesale rate. Retail prices in local markets are typically 10–25% higher due to transport, arhat (commission), and handling costs.

Palash Flowers prices are affected by multiple factors: seasonal arrivals (post-harvest flood of supply drives prices down), weather events like unseasonal rains or drought reducing yield, export demand from neighbouring countries, government policies like export bans or MSP procurement, and transportation costs (fuel prices). Use the Trend chart to see historical patterns for context.

Check today's Palash Flowers rate in Telangana — see all APMC markets in the state with live modal, min, and max prices per quintal. Telangana has major mandis in Hyderabad, Warangal, Nizamabad, and Karimnagar.

See Palash Flowers mandi price in Andhra Pradesh today — live APMC rates from markets across Vijayawada, Guntur, Kurnool, Nellore, and Visakhapatnam.

View today's Palash Flowers rate in Karnataka from APMC markets including Bengaluru (APMC Yeshwanthpur), Hubli, Davangere, Mysuru, and Raichur. Karnataka is a major agricultural state with active APMCs.

Check Palash Flowers price in Maharashtra today — data from Mumbai (APMC Vashi), Pune, Nashik, Nagpur, Solapur, and Aurangabad APMCs. Maharashtra's APMC markets are among the largest in India.

See today's Palash Flowers rate in Punjab (Amritsar, Ludhiana, Jalandhar mandis) and Palash Flowers rate in Haryana (Hisar, Rohtak, Karnal markets). Both states are key agricultural hubs for wheat and other crops.

Check Palash Flowers mandi bhav in Uttar Pradesh today — prices from Agra, Meerut, Aligarh, Kanpur, Lucknow, Varanasi, and Gorakhpur APMCs. UP is India's most populous agricultural state.

See today's Palash Flowers price in West Bengal from mandis including Kolkata, Siliguri, Asansol, and Howrah. West Bengal is a major consumer and producer state for vegetables and rice.

Check Palash Flowers rate in Madhya Pradesh (Indore, Bhopal, Sagar mandis) and Palash Flowers price in Rajasthan (Jaipur, Jodhpur, Kota APMCs) for today's live APMC rates.

To get the best Palash Flowers price: (1) Compare mandis — use KisanDeals to see which APMC is paying the highest rate today. (2) Use the Compare tool to compare up to 8 markets side by side. (3) Set a price alert — get notified when the rate crosses your target. (4) Check trends — sell when prices are rising, not falling. (5) Check nearby state prices — sometimes transporting to a nearby state's mandi yields higher returns.

The modal price is the most-frequently-traded price at an APMC market — the price at which the highest volume of transactions occurred. The average price on KisanDeals is the mean modal price across all markets reporting today. Modal price is the most reliable reference for actual transactions, whereas the simple average gives a market-wide overview.

Palash Flowers Price Today in Odisha

Palash Flowers rate today in Odisha is ₹4120 per quintal (₹41.2 per kg). This is the live Palash Flowers mandi bhav sourced from APMC markets — updated daily from the Government of India's Open Data Platform and eNAM (National Agriculture Market). Looking for Palash Flowers price today per kg or Palash Flowers ka bhav aaj? Today's rate of ₹41.2/kg is derived from the official modal (most-traded) price of ₹4120/quintal.

The modal price is the most-frequently-traded rate at each mandi — the most reliable reference for farmers and traders. The min and max prices reflect the daily trading range. Retail prices in your local market are typically 10–25% higher due to transportation, arhat (commission) and handling charges.

Quick Reference

1 KG ₹41.2
10 KG ₹412
1 Quintal (100 KG) ₹4,120
1 Ton (1000 KG) ₹41,200

Factors Affecting Palash Flowers Prices

Season & Monsoon
Rainfall affects crop yield and arrival volumes. Post-harvest season usually brings lower prices.
Supply & Demand
Higher arrivals push prices down; lower supply or festival demand drives prices up.
Transportation
Fuel prices and road conditions affect the cost of moving produce to mandis.
Export Demand
International demand, especially from neighbouring countries, significantly impacts wholesale rates.