Paddy(common) Rate Today in Rajasthan | Mandi Price, Market Bhav

Paddy(common) Rajasthan
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Today''s Paddy(common) Ratein Rajasthan
₹4,014 / quintal ₹40.14/kg
Rajasthan
Per KG
₹40.14
avg today
10 KG
₹401.4
approx
1 Quintal
₹4,014
100 KG
1 Ton
₹40,140
1000 KG
Best Price Today
₹4,100/qtl
Kota Apmc
Rajasthan, Kota
Lowest Price Today
₹3,928/qtl
Bundi Apmc
Rajasthan, Bundi
Price History — Last 7 Days (Paddy(common))
Date Avg ₹ Min ₹ Max ₹ Change
07/07/2026 ₹3,928 ₹3,928 ₹3,928
View Full Interactive Trend Chart
Paddy Common Other
No change
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹3,928 / quintal · ₹39.28/kg
Min ₹3,300 Max ₹4,556
07/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy Basmati Other
No change
Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan
₹4,100 / quintal · ₹41/kg
Min ₹4,100 Max ₹4,100
07/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹4,112 / quintal · ₹41.12/kg
Min ₹3,602 Max ₹4,621
06/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹4,050 / quintal · ₹40.5/kg
Min ₹3,600 Max ₹4,361
04/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Nahargarh Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹3,010 / quintal · ₹30.1/kg
Min ₹3,010 Max ₹3,010
04/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) 1001
No change
Bali Apmc Pali Rajasthan
₹434 / quintal · ₹4.34/kg
Min ₹434 Max ₹5,355
03/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) 1001
No change
Bali Apmc Pali Rajasthan
₹434 / quintal · ₹4.34/kg
Min ₹434 Max ₹5,355
03/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹4,050 / quintal · ₹40.5/kg
Min ₹3,900 Max ₹4,199
02/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹3,621 / quintal · ₹36.21/kg
Min ₹3,041 Max ₹4,201
01/07/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹3,900 / quintal · ₹39/kg
Min ₹3,700 Max ₹4,126
30/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹4,040 / quintal · ₹40.4/kg
Min ₹3,400 Max ₹4,680
29/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹3,940 / quintal · ₹39.4/kg
Min ₹3,701 Max ₹4,150
26/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹4,155 / quintal · ₹41.55/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,809
26/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹4,000 / quintal · ₹40/kg
Min ₹3,400 Max ₹4,249
24/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(basmati) OTHER
No change
Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan
₹4,200 / quintal · ₹42/kg
Min ₹4,200 Max ₹4,200
23/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(basmati) OTHER
No change
Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan
₹4,200 / quintal · ₹42/kg
Min ₹4,200 Max ₹4,200
22/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
₹90 2%
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹4,050 / quintal · ₹40.5/kg
Min ₹3,700 Max ₹4,500
20/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹4,084 / quintal · ₹40.84/kg
Min ₹3,500 Max ₹4,668
20/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
₹40 1%
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹3,960 / quintal · ₹39.6/kg
Min ₹3,600 Max ₹4,270
19/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Samraniyan Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹2,429 / quintal · ₹24.29/kg
Min ₹2,429 Max ₹2,429
19/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Nahargarh Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹1,505 / quintal · ₹15.05/kg
Min ₹1,505 Max ₹1,505
18/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹4,000 / quintal · ₹40/kg
Min ₹3,750 Max ₹4,250
18/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Samraniyan Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹2,000 / quintal · ₹20/kg
Min ₹2,000 Max ₹2,000
17/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
₹117 3%
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹3,968 / quintal · ₹39.68/kg
Min ₹3,400 Max ₹4,535
16/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹3,700 / quintal · ₹37/kg
Min ₹3,200 Max ₹4,100
16/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹3,851 / quintal · ₹38.51/kg
Min ₹3,200 Max ₹4,501
15/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
₹75 2%
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹3,625 / quintal · ₹36.25/kg
Min ₹3,001 Max ₹3,901
12/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹3,550 / quintal · ₹35.5/kg
Min ₹3,200 Max ₹3,899
11/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹3,769 / quintal · ₹37.69/kg
Min ₹3,100 Max ₹4,438
11/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(basmati) OTHER
₹100 2%
Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan
₹4,000 / quintal · ₹40/kg
Min ₹4,000 Max ₹4,000
11/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Samraniyan Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹2,100 / quintal · ₹21/kg
Min ₹1,700 Max ₹2,501
10/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(basmati) OTHER
No change
Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan
₹4,100 / quintal · ₹41/kg
Min ₹4,100 Max ₹4,100
10/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
₹31
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹4,200 / quintal · ₹42/kg
Min ₹3,900 Max ₹4,500
09/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹4,169 / quintal · ₹41.69/kg
Min ₹3,801 Max ₹4,536
08/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(basmati) OTHER
No change
Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan
₹4,150 / quintal · ₹41.5/kg
Min ₹4,150 Max ₹4,150
08/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹3,941 / quintal · ₹39.41/kg
Min ₹3,551 Max ₹4,050
06/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹3,950 / quintal · ₹39.5/kg
Min ₹3,600 Max ₹4,100
04/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(basmati) OTHER
No change
Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan
₹4,100 / quintal · ₹41/kg
Min ₹4,100 Max ₹4,100
04/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
₹402 9%
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹4,500 / quintal · ₹45/kg
Min ₹3,499 Max ₹5,500
03/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
₹402 9%
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹4,500 / quintal · ₹45/kg
Min ₹3,499 Max ₹5,500
03/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Samraniyan Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹2,404 / quintal · ₹24.04/kg
Min ₹2,404 Max ₹2,404
02/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(basmati) OTHER
₹100 2%
Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan
₹4,100 / quintal · ₹41/kg
Min ₹4,100 Max ₹4,100
02/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹4,098 / quintal · ₹40.98/kg
Min ₹3,702 Max ₹4,493
02/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(basmati) OTHER
No change
Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan
₹4,000 / quintal · ₹40/kg
Min ₹4,000 Max ₹4,000
01/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) RATNA
No change
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹3,851 / quintal · ₹38.51/kg
Min ₹3,501 Max ₹4,050
01/06/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
₹2
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹4,100 / quintal · ₹41/kg
Min ₹3,350 Max ₹4,850
30/05/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
₹199 5%
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹3,751 / quintal · ₹37.51/kg
Min ₹3,401 Max ₹3,876
29/05/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
No change
Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan
₹4,098 / quintal · ₹40.98/kg
Min ₹3,370 Max ₹4,825
29/05/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
₹200 5%
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹3,950 / quintal · ₹39.5/kg
Min ₹3,401 Max ₹4,051
28/05/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Paddy(common) OTHER
₹10
Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan
₹3,750 / quintal · ₹37.5/kg
Min ₹3,601 Max ₹3,851
27/05/2026
Price Trend Alerts
Today''s APMC mandi prices — commodity, market, state, and min/modal/max prices per quintal
Commodity Variety Market (APMC) District State Min Price ₹ Modal Price ₹ Max Price ₹ Change Date Trend chart
Paddy Common Other Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,300 ₹3,928 ₹4,556 07/07/2026
Paddy Basmati Other Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan ₹4,100 ₹4,100 ₹4,100 07/07/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,602 ₹4,112 ₹4,621 06/07/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,600 ₹4,050 ₹4,361 04/07/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Nahargarh Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,010 ₹3,010 ₹3,010 04/07/2026
Paddy(common) 1001 Bali Apmc Pali Rajasthan ₹434 ₹434 ₹5,355 03/07/2026
Paddy(common) 1001 Bali Apmc Pali Rajasthan ₹434 ₹434 ₹5,355 03/07/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,900 ₹4,050 ₹4,199 02/07/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,041 ₹3,621 ₹4,201 01/07/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,700 ₹3,900 ₹4,126 30/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,400 ₹4,040 ₹4,680 29/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,701 ₹3,940 ₹4,150 26/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,500 ₹4,155 ₹4,809 26/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,400 ₹4,000 ₹4,249 24/06/2026
Paddy(basmati) OTHER Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan ₹4,200 ₹4,200 ₹4,200 23/06/2026
Paddy(basmati) OTHER Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan ₹4,200 ₹4,200 ₹4,200 22/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,700 ₹4,050 ₹4,500 ₹90 20/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,500 ₹4,084 ₹4,668 20/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,600 ₹3,960 ₹4,270 ₹40 19/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Samraniyan Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹2,429 ₹2,429 ₹2,429 19/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Nahargarh Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹1,505 ₹1,505 ₹1,505 18/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,750 ₹4,000 ₹4,250 18/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Samraniyan Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹2,000 ₹2,000 ₹2,000 17/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,400 ₹3,968 ₹4,535 ₹117 16/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,200 ₹3,700 ₹4,100 16/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,200 ₹3,851 ₹4,501 15/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,001 ₹3,625 ₹3,901 ₹75 12/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,200 ₹3,550 ₹3,899 11/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,100 ₹3,769 ₹4,438 11/06/2026
Paddy(basmati) OTHER Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan ₹4,000 ₹4,000 ₹4,000 ₹100 11/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Samraniyan Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹1,700 ₹2,100 ₹2,501 10/06/2026
Paddy(basmati) OTHER Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan ₹4,100 ₹4,100 ₹4,100 10/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,900 ₹4,200 ₹4,500 ₹31 09/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,801 ₹4,169 ₹4,536 08/06/2026
Paddy(basmati) OTHER Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan ₹4,150 ₹4,150 ₹4,150 08/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,551 ₹3,941 ₹4,050 06/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,600 ₹3,950 ₹4,100 04/06/2026
Paddy(basmati) OTHER Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan ₹4,100 ₹4,100 ₹4,100 04/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,499 ₹4,500 ₹5,500 ₹402 03/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,499 ₹4,500 ₹5,500 ₹402 03/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Samraniyan Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹2,404 ₹2,404 ₹2,404 02/06/2026
Paddy(basmati) OTHER Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan ₹4,100 ₹4,100 ₹4,100 ₹100 02/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,702 ₹4,098 ₹4,493 02/06/2026
Paddy(basmati) OTHER Kota Apmc Kota Rajasthan ₹4,000 ₹4,000 ₹4,000 01/06/2026
Paddy(common) RATNA Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,501 ₹3,851 ₹4,050 01/06/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,350 ₹4,100 ₹4,850 ₹2 30/05/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,401 ₹3,751 ₹3,876 ₹199 29/05/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Bundi Apmc Bundi Rajasthan ₹3,370 ₹4,098 ₹4,825 29/05/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,401 ₹3,950 ₹4,051 ₹200 28/05/2026
Paddy(common) OTHER Baran Apmc Baran Rajasthan ₹3,601 ₹3,750 ₹3,851 ₹10 27/05/2026
Showing latest 50 records. Use the search above to filter by commodity, state or market.

Frequently Asked Questions

Today's average modal price of Paddy(common) in Rajasthan is ₹4014 per quintal (100 KG), approximately ₹40.14 per KG. Prices vary by market and arrival volume.

1 KG of Paddy(common) in Rajasthan costs approximately ₹40.14 based on today's average mandi rate of ₹4014/quintal. Retail prices may be slightly higher.

10 KG of Paddy(common) in Rajasthan costs approximately ₹401 at today's average mandi rate. Prices differ across APMCs; check the table above for market-specific rates.

1 quintal (100 KG) of Paddy(common) in Rajasthan is priced at ₹4014 on average today. This is the modal (most-traded) price reported by APMC markets.

1 ton (1000 KG) of Paddy(common) in Rajasthan costs approximately ₹40140 at today's average mandi rate. Large traders and exporters typically transact in tons.

Today's highest price is ₹4,100/quintal at Kota Apmc in Rajasthan. The lowest is ₹3,928/quintal at Bundi Apmc, Rajasthan. The price spread is ₹172/quintal.

Paddy(common) mandi prices on KisanDeals are updated daily from APMC markets across India. Data reflects actual arrivals and trades reported by each market for that date.

Today's average Paddy(common) price in Rajasthan is ₹4014/quintal. To see whether prices are rising or falling, use the Trend button on any market row to view the 30-day price history chart, or use our Price Prediction tool which uses a 14-day weighted moving average to forecast tomorrow's rate.

You can check today's Paddy(common) mandi bhav (rate) for any state on KisanDeals. Click a state in the Check Paddy(common) Price by State section below, or use the State filter in the search bar above to see APMC-wise prices for that state. States with the most APMC data include Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Punjab, and Haryana.

The Paddy(common) mandi rate shown here is the actual market price at which farmers sold their produce today at APMC markets. MSP (Minimum Support Price) is the government-guaranteed floor price — the actual mandi rate may be higher or lower than MSP depending on season, supply, and demand. KisanDeals shows live APMC market rates, not MSP.

Today's Paddy(common) wholesale price in Rajasthan is ₹4014 per quintal at APMC mandis. This is the modal (bulk traded) wholesale rate. Retail prices in local markets are typically 10–25% higher due to transport, arhat (commission), and handling costs.

Paddy(common) prices are affected by multiple factors: seasonal arrivals (post-harvest flood of supply drives prices down), weather events like unseasonal rains or drought reducing yield, export demand from neighbouring countries, government policies like export bans or MSP procurement, and transportation costs (fuel prices). Use the Trend chart to see historical patterns for context.

Check today's Paddy(common) rate in Telangana — see all APMC markets in the state with live modal, min, and max prices per quintal. Telangana has major mandis in Hyderabad, Warangal, Nizamabad, and Karimnagar.

See Paddy(common) mandi price in Andhra Pradesh today — live APMC rates from markets across Vijayawada, Guntur, Kurnool, Nellore, and Visakhapatnam.

View today's Paddy(common) rate in Karnataka from APMC markets including Bengaluru (APMC Yeshwanthpur), Hubli, Davangere, Mysuru, and Raichur. Karnataka is a major agricultural state with active APMCs.

Check Paddy(common) price in Maharashtra today — data from Mumbai (APMC Vashi), Pune, Nashik, Nagpur, Solapur, and Aurangabad APMCs. Maharashtra's APMC markets are among the largest in India.

See today's Paddy(common) rate in Punjab (Amritsar, Ludhiana, Jalandhar mandis) and Paddy(common) rate in Haryana (Hisar, Rohtak, Karnal markets). Both states are key agricultural hubs for wheat and other crops.

Check Paddy(common) mandi bhav in Uttar Pradesh today — prices from Agra, Meerut, Aligarh, Kanpur, Lucknow, Varanasi, and Gorakhpur APMCs. UP is India's most populous agricultural state.

See today's Paddy(common) price in West Bengal from mandis including Kolkata, Siliguri, Asansol, and Howrah. West Bengal is a major consumer and producer state for vegetables and rice.

Check Paddy(common) rate in Madhya Pradesh (Indore, Bhopal, Sagar mandis) and Paddy(common) price in Rajasthan (Jaipur, Jodhpur, Kota APMCs) for today's live APMC rates.

To get the best Paddy(common) price: (1) Compare mandis — use KisanDeals to see which APMC is paying the highest rate today. (2) Use the Compare tool to compare up to 8 markets side by side. (3) Set a price alert — get notified when the rate crosses your target. (4) Check trends — sell when prices are rising, not falling. (5) Check nearby state prices — sometimes transporting to a nearby state's mandi yields higher returns.

The modal price is the most-frequently-traded price at an APMC market — the price at which the highest volume of transactions occurred. The average price on KisanDeals is the mean modal price across all markets reporting today. Modal price is the most reliable reference for actual transactions, whereas the simple average gives a market-wide overview.

Paddy(common) Price Today in Rajasthan

Paddy(common) rate today in Rajasthan is ₹4014 per quintal (₹40.14 per kg). This is the live Paddy(common) mandi bhav sourced from APMC markets — updated daily from the Government of India's Open Data Platform and eNAM (National Agriculture Market). Looking for Paddy(common) price today per kg or Paddy(common) ka bhav aaj? Today's rate of ₹40.14/kg is derived from the official modal (most-traded) price of ₹4014/quintal.

The modal price is the most-frequently-traded rate at each mandi — the most reliable reference for farmers and traders. The min and max prices reflect the daily trading range. Retail prices in your local market are typically 10–25% higher due to transportation, arhat (commission) and handling charges.

Quick Reference

1 KG ₹40.14
10 KG ₹401.4
1 Quintal (100 KG) ₹4,014
1 Ton (1000 KG) ₹40,140

Factors Affecting Paddy(common) Prices

Season & Monsoon
Rainfall affects crop yield and arrival volumes. Post-harvest season usually brings lower prices.
Supply & Demand
Higher arrivals push prices down; lower supply or festival demand drives prices up.
Transportation
Fuel prices and road conditions affect the cost of moving produce to mandis.
Export Demand
International demand, especially from neighbouring countries, significantly impacts wholesale rates.